Solitary Voyage.!

Planet earth, a sphere of hard rock where 7 billion people live, survive and die. Seven billion might sound colossal to us, when we constraint that to the scale of earth. We are here for each other and for one another. Let’s zoom out and look it in a cosmic perspective and watch out whether can we find any cosmic neighborhood.

To start, ever imagined how vast the universe is.? The radius of observable universe is some where around 48 billion light years approx. A light year is a distance travelled by light in one year which clocks at 300,000km/s. There exist billions of galaxies in which there are billions of stars and planets in our observable universe. Does that mean we would probably have a neighborhood somewhere who shakes and bake a cake with us. But the bitter fact is that we are all alone in this playground. We are yet to find a something like our planet where life can be survived.
We all do live on a planet which is precisely pointed out to be at a perfect distance from the sun where life can be survived which is called habitual zone. Little too close, we would be baked and too away from sun we would freeze. The primary source of life on earth is water and we are constantly looking for the marks of water on all the planets which we encountered. Is this the correct way of approach, because of the fact that we are only one way of survival. There may be species where it needs some other source to survive. This leads to a point where there may be life beyond our comprehension.
Can we ever find alienated neighbors, the probability to find or to meet is pretty low. Below are few points which would justify the statement.

1. If there ever existed life on other planets, they might have much different and advanced resources than ours. If they quest for life, just like us it would be impossible to track us down and vice versa. Just like the WOW signal.
2. The distances between the planets. Light commensurate at certain speeds. If someone has to find us, the light from our planet have to travel all the way long and reach their backyard. If the distance is billions and millions of lightyears away the point when our light reaches them, we would’ve passed million years forward and maybe our mankind will be vanished.
3. Maybe aliens have are already visited us and we are unaware of that fact and still search for our neighbors. They may have considered us primitive and minuscule on compared to them and thought never to show up.

Life can be there in some part of the universe and we wish to meet them and in some point of time in near future. Until then, it's like a single human living on king of gods.!

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The Illusion of Present

Have you ever had a feeling that we are living in the past than present. Is present really an instant occurrence or the we just living in a delusion that everything we sense is in present.

Let’s bind our vision in Cosmic scale and consider things for a moment . In universe, everything travels at some rate and which is approximately measurable. The fastest moving particle is the photon which represents a quantum of light. Light travels at 300,000km/s and in the same way sound travels certain speeds depending upon the temperature. When we gaze into the dark sky, we observe little dots called stars glittering in the vast cosmic arena. These stars are mindbogglingly away from us, like billions of light years away. Those tiny dots that appear in the sky, are the past images of that star. The light emitted by the star has to travel, those billion light year to reach us. The nearest star to the Earth, apart from our very own sun is Proxima Centauri, which is a part of Alpha Centauri tri-star system is around 4.36 million light years away from us. When we observe the star, we are actually looking into its past.

When we scale that down to the human level, the Sun and the moon, the light takes around approx., 8 minutes for the former and approx., 2sec for the latter to reach us. Even this article you’re reading, the light takes around 2nano seconds to reach your eye if the distance between you and the screen is 2 feet. We may not have witnessed Dinosaurs legacy, but the light of then dinosaurs era is still travelling in this vast space. If you build a telescope as big as earth and place at some million light years away from us, then you might have to chance to look back into the past.

As the process have been continuous and minute in human scale, we couldn’t observe the difference in our day to day life and spend our lives ignoring the details.

Past, Present and Future are the slabs of time-frames which we created, maybe we should bring it down to two.! 

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Lets Search For Life. Become A Planet Hunter

Ever thought about how ancient people found all the planets in our solar system. Gone are those days when people gazed up at "wandering stars" later observers called them as planets. Now, astronomers are armed with radio telescopes, orbital observatories and many more hi-tech tools.

Before getting into planet hunting, our discussion starts with full of questions like Why? What? Where? How?

WHY WE ARE HUNTING PLANETS?

From the beginning  stage of the universe it's expanding day by day by creating new stars and planets. In some words we can say it as mass of the universe is increasing. So there is a chance of new planets formation.

WHAT MAKES US TO FIND PLANETS?
To find life. Yes, it's the unique reason what is making us to find planets. Every solar system have a habitual zone. Just think about our solar system, we are having a sun and there are planets around it. Mercury and Venus comes under hot zones and on the other side Jupiter, Neptune, and Saturn comes under cold zones. Earth and Mars comes under habitual zones. This is also another reason for searching life on Mars.

PLANET HUNTERS

Planet hunters is a mission to find planets using human eyes. Users analyse data from the kepler space telescope. The reason why NASA is using humans for planet hunting is we are best a recognizing patterns. Though we have computers with artificial intelligence we have to provide patterns at prior so, it is not possible as the light in space can have different patterns.

https://www.planethunters.org

The above link is NASA planet hunters website. After logging in to the site we can see some images of data collected by NASA kepler mission and we have to look at the data and see how the brightness of a star changes over time. Star's brightness data is represented as a graph and referred to a star's light curve. Those curves helps us in discovering new planets with the brightness of light decreasing when a planet pass through in front of it. 

DISCOVERIES

Over 12 billion observations have been analyzed. Out of those, 32 planets have possibility of life in them. 

  

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MIGHTY JUPITER FUNNY INTERVIEW (everything about Jupiter)

Nitesh: Bhaio and unki Baheno….it gives me immense pleasure to inform you all that our today’s guest for the celestial interview series is none other than Mr. Jupiter. Jupiter is one of the biggest Planets of our solar system. He has a large family of 69 moons and one of his moons is a very strong candidate that might harbour life.

Jupiter: Thank you so much for the generous introduction Mr. Nitesh. I am so glad to be here. By the way, I am not one of the biggest Planets rather the biggest one. Just to put my size into perspective, If I were a container I could accommodate 1400 Earths inside me.

Nitesh: Whoa….1400 Earths. You are very big indeed. You are the Khali of the planets if I had to put the size in perspective from my side.

Jupiter: Oh..you mean the wrestler, Khali. Yes, you can say that. In fact, my mass is twice than the total mass of all the planets of the solar system. I am proud of my size. Pangalene se pehle log do baar sochte hai.

Nitesh: I am sure nobody has guts to mess with you in the solar system. By the way, I hope that you loved our $1 Billion camera. Take as many selfies as possible. Try different poses but make sure that you stay in your orbit only.

Jupiter: Dude, What Camera you are talking about? I have no idea.

Nitesh: Aha….seriously you don’t know? Juno has been sending some stunning images of you and now we have some great pictures of your giant red spot too.

Jupiter: Oh…you are talking about Juno. I had no idea that it is a $1 Billion Camera. I thought it has a lot of other sensors and instruments and JunoCam is just an important part of

it.

Nitesh: Dude, I must say that you are a smart planet. I am sure you are enjoying this attention from Humans.Everybody is eagerly waiting for some more stunning images of yours. There are many things that we still do not know about you.

Jupiter: Everybody enjoys attention and I definitely love it. I have always been a star planet.

Nitesh: How can you be a star and planet at the same time?

Jupiter: I mean popular like a rock star. See this is how celestial interviews are. You gotta be careful with the words.

Nitesh: I completely agree.

Jupiter: By the way, why would NASA spend $1 Billion dollars just to know my secrets?

Nitesh: Well, you are a very important member of our solar system. I am sure you know that without you, we humans would have never survived.

Jupiter: I definitely know that. I always wanted to give interviews like celebrities do and therefore I made sure that life on Earth gets advanced enough to invent cameras and other stuff so that I can be interviewed.Yes, I know that my location is very strategic. It is my strong gravitational pull that protects the life on Earth from extinction. There are lots of massive asteroids that sometimes try to get into Earths orbit but I just throw them back and save you guys.

Nitesh: Well, 4.6 billion years, Jupiter, Fakra hai. We are so thankful to you sir. We know you are really important for our survival and don’t you think that it is a reason enough to build $1 Billion Juno for you. By the way, why didn’t you save the dinosaurs?

Jupiter: I kind of never liked them. And I was sleeping when that Asteroid bumped into Earth and ejected a large amount of dust in the atmosphere.The dust reflected the sunlight for a very long time and resulted in temperature fall. This was one of the factors that lead to the extinction of dinosaurs. The heat generated because of the asteroid collision was also one of the contributing factors. I feel sad for them but I am also jealous, as they later got very famous because of Steven Spielberg. Spielberg once promised to make a movie on me too, but things did not go well. I have no complaints as discovery and national geographic keep making documentaries on me.

Nitesh: Nothing to worry Jupiter. You are no lesser a celebrity than dinosaurs. Dinosaurs might be gigantic but you my friend are so so big. In fact, your red spot is bigger than Earth so just ignore Dinos and chill.

Jupiter: Thanks for boosting my Ego Nitesh. Yes, that giant Red spot which has persisted for more than 2 centuries is bigger than Earth. But do you know what exactly that is?

Nitesh: It looks that it is some kind of storm. I mean you are composed of gases like Hydrogen, Helium, Ammonia and others. It must be a turbulent storm.

Jupiter: No…the way Mums in India use Kala tika for their kids to protect them from Buri Nazar, similarly, my mum used Red tika to protect me from Buri nazar of anybody who is observing me from different locations in the Universe.

Nitesh: What do you mean by different locations? You mean you know that Aliens exist and they have been observing you.

Jupiter: That is a top-secret Nitesh. I am not supposed to reveal that. Wo log mjhe maar denge agar maine apna moo khola to.

Nitesh: Kya yaar, Jupiter hoke Aliens se darte ho. Do teen asteroid kheech ke maarna unko, bhaag jayenge sabke sab.

Jupiter: Uski jarurat nahi padegi. Unko me bolta hu ki agar unhone mjhe kuch bhi karna chaha to me unko CID ke episodes dikha dunga. Itna pakau show hai ki koi bhi darta hai.

Nitesh: Yaar ab CID ki baat band karo verna me bhaag jaunga.

Jupiter: are nahi…let's continue with our interview. What else you want to know Nitesh? I would be more than happy to answer.

Nitesh: The idea behind creating Juno was to get more details about you. We still do not know how you were exactly formed. We are also very curious about your super strong magnetic field, your storms, your ring, your atmosphere and last but the not the least , your moons.

Jupiter: Sabra rakho….sabra ka phal Jupiter hota hai. Yes, I mean it is still a mystery for you guys that how I and Saturn grew so big. There are a couple of models like Accretion model and Disk instability model that do give some idea of how giant planets like me and saturn were formed and it is

not only about me. It is also related to the origin of the entire solar system including Bahena.

Nitesh: Bahena? Who is Bahena?

Jupiter: I mean Earth. She is my sister and that is the very reason why I protect her from those deadly asteroids.

Nitesh: I am sure that you will be coming to this Rakshabandhan.

Jupiter: Oh yes I am coming for sure.

Nitesh: Gift ka kya socha hai.

Jupiter: Yaar…Gift ke maamle me I am always confused.Can you suggest me something Please..Please…Please

Nitesh: Well….you can think of something that might be useful to her or something that she is losing. Hmmm….Can you bring some mega tonnes of ozone with you? She has rapidly lost her Ozone layer and it is going to be worse in future. We are also running out of humanity, empathy and Vision. It would be great if you could bring that too.

Jupiter: That is quite an interesting list. I am not sure about humanity and Empathy but I will try to bring some Ozone for sure.

Nitesh: Jupiter, can you please tell us something about your Magnetic field. How do you get such magnetic field, which has its tail extending past the orbit of Saturn? I mean it has to be very strong for it to reach there.

Jupiter: I agree. I have the strongest magnetic field among the planets of our solar system. The magnetic fields of both Earth and Jupiter originate from processes deep in each planet’s interior. Earth’s is generated from the electric current caused by the flow of molten metallic material (Iron and Nickel) within its outer core. In my case the gases are crushed to such incredible pressures that they are forced beyond the common states of liquid, solid, or gas that we find on Earth. One such layer inside me is metallic hydrogen, and the electric current caused by swirling movements in this substance produces a magnetic field so large that its tail end (“magnetotail”) extends past the orbit of Saturn. Juno will map my magnetic field. The spacecraft’s unique polar orbit will carry it above the poles to study Jupiter’s auroras and how the magnetic field slams invisible charged particles into the atmosphere to produce the beautiful lights. Juno will measure the charged particles and the electric currents they create along the magnetic field lines. Juno will also “listen” for the radio signals given off by these particles as they move through the magnetic field. Its special “eyes” — an ultraviolet spectrometer — will “see” the aurora in a wavelength of light invisible to our human eyes. JunoCam will take pictures of the planet, which scientists and students will use to study the poles.

Nitesh: Well….I guess Solid Hydrogen is the holy grail of Physics. We have not created it so far here on Earth as it requires a tremendous amount of pressure to solidify Hydrogen. My point is how do we know it is metallic without even creating it. I mean I should have been aware of it but I would like to know from you.

Jupiter: Computer simulations Nitesh. A simulated condition that exists in my core and surface has shown that liquid hydrogen gains metal like properties. It is the only model that can explain my strong magnetic field as of yet. Simulations are how you humans know a lot even when you have not really visited a place. The only thing is you must consider is the right parameters.

Nitesh: Oh…I see.

Jupiter: Do You know how massive I am. I am so massive that I am called a fake star.

Nitesh: Fake Star! Why?

Jupiter: Like any other star I am mainly composed of Hydrogen and Helium but I never had enough mass to start thermonuclear fusion to turn into a real star. You know my composition is a direct proof that I was formed from the majority of the solar nebula as it also had Hydrogen and helium as its composition. I ate up almost 90% of the material that was left for the formation of planets.

Nitesh: You are a supreme Bhukkad. Anyways. There is something very peculiar about you that I have heard of.

Jupiter: What is that?

Nitesh: You radiate more heat than the total heat you receive from the Sun.

Jupiter: Yes, that is quite true. I radiate twice as much infra-red energy as I receive from the Sun! My core temperature may be about 43,000 degrees F (24,000 degrees C) hotter than the surface of the Sun. This heat leaks up through the liquid metallic hydrogen and liquid hydrogen layers to supply energy to the atmosphere. Like a pot of soup on a hot stove, atmospheric gases boil up from the warm bottom layers to the cooler upper layers; temperatures are –261 degrees F (–163 degrees C) at the top of the atmosphere. Juno will map the atmosphere’s temperature at different depths.

Nitesh: Bichara Juno….kya kya karega.

Jupiter: Mere bhai $1 Billion dollar lagaaye hai. Paise wasool nahi karne kya? Jitni information mile utni kam hai.

Nitesh: That is true. By the way Jupiter I think the very heat coming from your core is responsible for the gigantic storms that we see on your surface.

Jupiter: Yes Nitesh. The Science of meteorology is same everywhere. It is the difference in temperature of air that creates such types of storm. In short, I would say that Convection drives violent weather on my surface. Heat leaks outward from my interior, causing atmospheric gases to boil up from the warm bottom layers to the cooler upper layers. What you guys still do not know is how these storms persist for centuries? I am sure Juno will be able to reveal a couple of these secrets too.

Nitesh: We also do not know what gives red and orange colour to your giant spots. We do have some hypothesis to explain that though. Is there anything else you would like to tell us before we proceed to our rapid fire round?

Jupiter: Wow…rapid fire. I guess you did not have this section during the interviews of Sun and Earth.

Nitesh: You are so special, bro. I am introducing this for the first time.

Jupiter: Chal joothe. Sabko yahi bolta hai. Anyways, I do have a couple of important things to share. I complete one rotation every 10 hours compared to 24hrs of Earth. I take 12 years to revolve around the Sun compared to 365 days of Earth. Somebody weighing 34Kg on Earth will weigh 79 kg on my surface.

Nitesh: Those were kind of very cool facts Jupiter. I mean ladies who are trying to lose weight must never visit your surface otherwise, they will be seriously disappointed.

Jupiter: I wish beautiful ladies could visit me. The body of Humans is so much evolved w.r.t to Gravity that they just won't survive here. In case they visit Europa I will meet them for sure.

Nitesh: Enough of Khayali Pulao. Let us start our rapid fire round. So, are you ready?

Jupiter: Oh ….yes. I am excited rather.

Nitesh: The first question is here. Who is your favourite Scientist?

Jupiter: Galileo of course. He was the first human to observe me. I owe him a lot.

Nitesh: Who is your favourite Planet from our Solar system?

Jupiter: Bahena. I mean Earth. Without her, I would never have had people running behind me for my interview. I mean mjhe itni izzat Earth le logo se hi mil sakti thi.

Nitesh: Your favourite moon.

Jupiter: Parents baccho me fark nahi karte. Fir bhi I would go with Europa as he is the most famous kid of mine. He might have microscopic life lekin kamina kuch bolta nahi. He is a very secretive type. He is waiting for you guys to send a robot and dig deep in its ocean to find life or the second genesis of life outside Earth.

Nitesh: Hmmmm…. Interesting. Your favourite NASA mission.

Jupiter: Earlier it was Galileo but now it is mera pyaara Juno.

Nitesh: Accha beta…Kam khatam….mission khatam wala attitude.

Jupiter: It is not like that. I learned this from Ranbir Kapoor.

Nitesh: What does Ranbir Kapoor have to do with this?

Jupiter: Well…the favourite actress of Ranbir Kapoor during Rockstar was Nargis Fakhri, Katrina Kaif during Rajneeti, Anushka Sharma during Bombay velvet. Your favourite mission is always your latest mission. Thanks, Ranbir. Best of luck.

Nitesh: ohh….I see. That’s great. It seems that the entire Solar system is so fond of Bollywood. Bollywood ki bat nikli hai to tell me your favourite Bollywood as well as Hollywood movie.

Jupiter: Swades in Bollywood and Interstellar in Hollywood.

Nitesh: cool. Next question. What is one thing that general public does not know about you?

Jupiter: Like Saturn I am also engaged.

Nitesh: I am sorry. I did not get you.

Jupiter: Like Saturn, I also have an engagement ring made up of ice and dust. It is so faint that it is not visible through naked eyes. My ring does not reflect enough visible light to be seen clearly.

Nitesh: Very interesting. Which is your favourite element?

Jupiter: Hydrogen of course. As Carl sagan said: We are the representatives of the cosmos; we are an example of what hydrogen atoms can do, given 15 billion years of cosmic

evolution.

Nitesh: The well the saids. Last question is What is your favourite quote?

Jupiter: I love this quote from Richard Feynman: I would rather have questions that cannot be answered than answers that cannot be questioned.

Nitesh: Superb. Questioning everything is the core principle of Science. A very critical component. I must tell Jupiter that this was a great interview. I had great fun and seriously I learned a lot. Thank you so much coming.

Jupiter: Pleasure and Activa is all mine Nitesh.

Nitesh: Sudhroge nahi…bye and take care. And keep sending your photos through Juno as your fans are very excited for the same.

Jupiter: For sure Nitesh. You take care too.

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Every Electronics Student Should Have These Things At Home

By chance with the force of relatives or close family friends or by some other influences you may took the course ECE in engineering.
Apart from the text books every electronic student should have zeal to learn electronics like the way they work in practical. The love towards your subject makes you to involve in everything.
If you are an electronics student with a zeal and love towards your subject then the following things should be your best friends. Keep them with you at home.

Resistors

Resistors limit the flow of electrons through a circuit. You will use resistors in every circuit

Capacitors

Capacitors are just like batteries but work in a different way. You can see them in most of the devices. So you have to learn about capacitors.

LED

LED is the short form of light emitting diode 

There are many colors in LED's. You have to learn about the voltage usage of different LED's. Every color has different voltage values.

Breadboard 

Breadboard acts as a platform to implement your circuit designs. So you should have knowledge about the line arrangements and how to use a breadboard.

Blank PCB

Blank PCB's also helps you in implementing your circuit designs just like a breadboard but, the difference is you can give connections to your components as you like. There will be some small holes on the boards where you can insert your components.

Soldering Kit

On PCB's to implement your circuit design you have to solder your components for efficient working of the design. You should have a soldering rod, soldering flux, soldering wire, a stand to rest your soldering rod, and a wire cutter when you need to cut a wire.

Other components 

There are some other components like diodes,transistors, some basic IC's, etc but we use them depending on our requirements. The above mentioned components in this article are the basic things which an electronic student should have in their home to implement mini project designs or their curriculum circuits at home. 

Please share this post with your friends and share your knowledge to them.   

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Top 5 Coolest Gadgets of 2017

As long as human kind exists innovative ideas and inventions never stops. We are coming to the year end and here are top 5 best inventions of 2017. 

Common let's have a look over them 

1. Dell 2-in-1 Laptops

Dell launched many convertible laptops this year, the most attracted products are Latitude 7285  and new XPS 13 models. They include flexible rotating hinge for use in various positions.

2. Lenovo Smart Assistant 

I think you are already aware of Amazon Echo. Lenovo smart assistant is similar to Amazon Echo.
It is a smart speaker enabled with Amazon Alexa. It includes 8 microphones, Wi-Fi chip, Intel celeron N3060 processor and a speaker. It can receive your speech from 16 feet distance. 

3. Razer Project Valerie 

Thinking about multi tasking just like doing work, watching movies and chatting with friends on the same laptop. Yes, if you want to do multiple tasks on the same laptop this gadget is for you. Razers project valerie included two foldable screens to a laptop that expand out from primary display in the center. They can be used independently or can be used as a giant screen.

4. Intel's Credit Card Sized Laptop

During the time when many laptops and desktop manufacturers are thinking about upgrading and customizing their products, Intel started thinking about future connectivity of robots, various home appliances through internet. Intel's computer card which is in the size of a credit card can be inserted into any smart devices. The main focus is to upgrade every device into a smart technology.

5. Toyota Concept-i

Thinking about whats special in this Toyota concept-i ?????????

We already know about cars which are automated. They just drive us to the places which are destined by us. But, Toyota is thinking a way bigger than a driverless cars. Here the owner or the driver of the car can have a chat with the car and can get suggestions about the destinations from the Toyata concept-i. 

These are top in my view but there are many best inventions in this year. Thanks for reading this article.

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